IGA is a shortcut for 'Inter-Government Agreement'.
In the maritime context, an Inter-Government Agreement (IGA) is a formal agreement between two or more governments that establishes a framework for cooperation and collaboration on matters related to the maritime sector. IGAs can cover a wide range of topics, including shipping, ports, marine safety, environmental protection, and maritime security.
For example, two countries might enter into an IGA in order to establish a process for sharing information about vessel movements and cargo, or to establish a joint marine safety system. An IGA might also be used to establish a framework for cooperation on environmental issues, such as the prevention of pollution or the protection of marine habitats.
IGAs can be bilateral (between two countries) or multilateral (involving more than two countries). They can be legally binding or non-binding, depending on the specific terms of the agreement.